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President of Brazil (1898–1902) and a São Paulo republican, he created the 'politics of the governors', trading federal support for the loyalty of state oligarchies, and restored finances with the funding loan, spending cuts and higher taxes.
Political axes
Campos Sales leans further toward private than 91% of the 612 personalities in the catalog.
Of all the axes, Economy is where Campos Sales stands furthest from the rest.
On Representation, Campos Sales sits practically at the catalog median.
Here they share common ground with most personalities.
Ideological proximity
The closest among the 266 ideologies
Capitalism of the great industrialists such as Henry Ford, Rockefeller and Thomas Edison, exalting the factory, mass production, invention and the entrepreneur, with a work ethic, traditional family and minimal state interference.
Liberalism before mass democracy: it guarantees civil liberty, property, a free press and a lean state, but restricts the vote to educated property owners, fearing that unlimited popular sovereignty would destroy the very liberties it protects.
Economic system based on private property, free markets, and the pursuit of profit, in which production and prices are regulated by competition and supply and demand, with individual initiative as its engine.
The most distant ideology
Techno-SocialismRadical Left35%
A Scottish economist, Adam Smith founded modern economics in The Wealth of Nations, showing how the market and the division of labor generate prosperity and how the invisible hand coordinates individual interests.
Also close, by dimension
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Furthest from Campos Sales
A tiny European principality, Liechtenstein is a prosperous constitutional monarchy, with strong local autonomy, a liberal economy based on finance and industry, and one of the highest income levels per capita in the world.
Also close, by dimension
Furthest from Campos Sales
Marked by 1891 constitutional federalism, political bossism, and coffee-with-milk agrarian oligarchies, Brazil's First Republic relied on an export economy and sternly repressed popular unrest.
Also close, by dimension
Furthest from Campos Sales